Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species

Previous work on Bartram's round-winged katydid, Amblycorypha bartrami Walker, found inconsistencies in song variation across the species' range. Individuals of purported populations of A. bartrami from sandhills across the southeastern US were collected, recorded, and their genes were sequenced to better understand their population structure and evolution. Significant differences in songs, morphology, and genetics were found among populations from Alabama (AL), Georgia (GA), North Carolina (NC), and South Carolina (SC), and they differed from those of individuals collected from the type locality in Florida (FL). Males from all populations produced songs composed of a series of similar syllables, but they differed in the rates at which syllables were produced as a function of temperature. At temperatures of 25°C, the calling songs of males from populations in northern AL and GA were found to have the highest syllable rates, those from SC had the lowest rates, and those from NC were found to produce songs with doublet syllables at rates that were intermediate between those of males from FL and those of AL and GA. These song differences formed the basis for cluster analyses and principal component analyses, which showed significant clustering and differences in song spectra and morphology among the song morphs. A Bayesian multi-locus, multi-species coalescent analysis found significant divergences from a panmictic population for the song morphs. Populations from GA and AL are closely related to those of A. bartrami in FL, whereas populations from NC and SC are closely related to each other and differ from the other three. Large river systems may have been important in isolating these populations of flightless katydids. Based on the results of our analyses of songs, morphology, and genetics, three new species of round-winged katydids from the southeastern coastal plain and piedmont are described

Supplementary material 4 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.96295

Supplementary material 4 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.9629

Supplementary material 1 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.96295

Supplementary material 1 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.9629

Supplementary material 2 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.96295

Supplementary material 2 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.9629

Supplementary material 3 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.96295

Supplementary material 3 from: Forrest TG, Scobie M, Brueckner O, Bintz B, Spooner JD (2023) Geographic variation in the calling songs and genetics of Bartram's round-winged katydid Amblycorypha bartrami (Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae) reveal new species. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(2): 153-170. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.9629

Detection of Lipid-Rich Prostate Circulating Tumour Cells with Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Microscopy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are an important indicator of metastasis and associated with a poor prognosis. Detection sensitivity and specificity of CTC in the peripheral blood of metastatic cancer patient remain a technical challenge.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy was employed to examine the lipid content of CTC isolated from the peripheral blood of metastatic prostate cancer patients. CARS microscopy was also employed to evaluate lipid uptake and mobilization kinetics of a metastatic human prostate cancer cell line.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>One hundred CTC from eight metastatic prostate cancer patients exhibited strong CARS signal which arose from intracellular lipid. In contrast, leukocytes exhibited weak CARS signal which arose mostly from cellular membrane. On average, CARS signal intensity of prostate CTC was 7-fold higher than that of leukocytes (P<0.0000001). When incubated with human plasma, C4-2 metastatic human prostate cancer cells exhibited rapid lipid uptake kinetics and slow lipid mobilization kinetics. Higher expression of lipid transport proteins in C4-2 cells compared to non-transformed RWPE-1 and non-malignant BPH-1 prostate epithelial cells further indicated strong affinity for lipid of metastatic prostate cancer cells.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Intracellular lipid could serve as a biomarker for prostate CTC which could be sensitively detected with CARS microscopy in a label-free manner. Strong affinity for lipid by metastatic prostate cancer cells could be used to improve detection sensitivity and therapeutic targeting of prostate CTC.</p

COVID-19 in solid organ transplant: A multi-center cohort study

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to significant reductions in transplantation, motivated in part by concerns of disproportionately more severe disease among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. However, clinical features, outcomes, and predictors of mortality in SOT recipients are not well described.MethodsWe performed a multicenter cohort study of SOT recipients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. Data were collected using standardized intake and 28-day follow-up electronic case report forms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for the primary endpoint, 28-day mortality, among hospitalized patients.ResultsFour hundred eighty-two SOT recipients from &gt;50 transplant centers were included: 318 (66%) kidney or kidney/pancreas, 73 (15.1%) liver, 57 (11.8%) heart, and 30 (6.2%) lung. Median age was 58 (interquartile range [IQR] 46-57), median time post-transplant was 5 years (IQR 2-10), 61% were male, and 92% had ≥1 underlying comorbidity. Among those hospitalized (376 [78%]), 117 (31%) required mechanical ventilation, and 77 (20.5%) died by 28 days after diagnosis. Specific underlying comorbidities (age &gt;65 [adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-5.5, P &lt; .001], congestive heart failure [aOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.4-7.0, P = .004], chronic lung disease [aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.2, P = .018], obesity [aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.4, P = .039]) and presenting findings (lymphopenia [aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.5, P = .033], abnormal chest imaging [aOR 2.9, 95% CI 1.1-7.5, P = .027]) were independently associated with mortality. Multiple measures of immunosuppression intensity were not associated with mortality.ConclusionsMortality among SOT recipients hospitalized for COVID-19 was 20.5%. Age and underlying comorbidities rather than immunosuppression intensity-related measures were major drivers of mortality